LEDs can provide the energy to drive all of that

Cary Mitchell, a plant biologist at Purdue University, says that as lunar light sources, LEDs would be cool, solid state and robust; lasting 50,000 hours at least, or some five times longer than conventional horticultural light sources. He also notes that that they could survive the journey to the lunar surface where they could then be strung inside inflatable lava tunnel greenhouses or in radiation-hardened, solid greenhouses on the surface.”

“On earth, Mitchell says it takes roughly 50 square meters of agriculture to provide both food and oxygen life to support one human. But, as he points out, who can say how productive plants are ultimately going to be on the moon, in gravity that is only one sixth that of earth?”

“Through photosynthesis, plants produce oxygen and also scavenge carbon dioxide out of the air,” said Mitchell. “Light LEDs can provide the energy to drive all of that.”

“As for water? Mitchell says if water can be generated onsite so much the better but, if not, it would need to be brought from earth and continually recycled.”